JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFRASTRUKTUR BERKELANJUTAN (JTIB)

Simulation of Automatic Control System for Electric Power Losses in Unbalanced Loads

2018-09-12T00:43:49+00:00

Large power consumers or consumers who have their own distribution substations such as hotels, offices, shopping centers, industries, etc. has the installation connected to 3 phase electricity which includes the R phase, S phase and T phase. The planning and installation of electrical installations carried out by the installer (electrical experts), always refers to the design of the load connected in the R, S and T phase which try to be balanced. However, in its operation (ON / OFF), the electrical load cannot be adjusted the balance to each phase, because its operation (ON / OFF) is adjusted to the needs of the electrical equipment installed in each phase, resulting in an unbalanced load. This unbalanced loads in each phase can cause electrical power losses. Electricity power losses will increase if additional loads or electrical installation development are carried out without referring to the initial design. This study is aim to simulate the control system which automatically minimizes the occurrences of imbalance in phase load. The control system will work automatically to adjust the load between phases, by moving the load that is detected to be larger in one phase to phase which detected to have small amount of load, until it is relatively balanced in the R, S and T phase. In addition, this control system can also detect if there is one or two phases that are lost (OFF), where the system will provide information to the user in the form of an alarm, which indicates that there has been a phase loss, so that the user can perform an overall off to the power deliberately, to avoid large power losses. The method used in making the system is a method of research and development, which hase stages including literature studies, field studies, to obtain data relating to the making of the system. The next stage is the design of simulated hardware and software through the Proteus program. The next step is to test the work of the control system based on the system algorithm made through program simulation. From the results of the tests carried out, when there is a load imbalance; for example the load detected in Phase R is 2 Amperes, in Phase S it is 1.5 Ampere and in Phase T is 1 Ampere, the system will automatically move one of the electrical lines from Phase R to one of the paths of Phase T, so that the overload occur in Phase R handled by Phase T. Other than that, in the insidence where there is an indication of a missing phase, the system will provide information on the alarm indicator and display it on the LCD monitor about the case.

Control System for Detector and Informer the Infant Urination

2018-09-14T22:49:55+00:00

Parents who have small children / babies, sometimes because of their busyness or because they fall asleep, often don't know when their baby is urinating. This can cause irritation to the baby's skin which is still sensitive, if the diaper is late to replaced. In this study, a device is created to detect when the baby already urinate and provide information to the parents through the alarm, so that parents can change their baby’s diapers to avoid skin irritation that is not desired. The method used in making this system are literature study and field study to obtain data related. The next stage is to design the hardware, which aims to model the system to be built and proceed to make the device. The next stage is a laboratory test to confirm that the device created works out as expected. Test results obtained suggest that when the system detects whether the baby already urinate, then the information displayed through the LCD display was not detected that the baby was wet. But, when the system detects the baby has wet, through the liquid detection sensor, then the system will activate the alarm to let parents know that the baby has wet. Other than that, the system will also play songs outputted through the speakers to soothe the baby.

Modelling of Control Systems for Chili Cultivation

2018-09-12T00:41:37+00:00

Chili cultivation is very dependent on climate, so that the process of growth and development can run well and optimally. Climate factors that influence the growth of chili plants include temperature and humidity, sunlight and rainfall. The purpose of this study was to create a control system model for the cultivation of chili plants that can regulate temperature, air humidity, sunlight intensity and soil pH from chili cultivation, so that cultivation can run well and optimally. The method used in making this system model is a method of research and development. Based on the results of testing carried out through proteus program simulations, it was found that the system created to control the growth process of chili plants can turn on the lights when the light intensity drops below 100 lux, so the system provides additional lighting. When the room temperature rises to 30 degrees C, the system automatically activates the blower to release heat in the room. When the soil PH rises above 8%, the system will automatically activate the water pump for the watering process, until the soil PH value drops to 6%.

Intelligent System for Generating Electric Power from several Batteries according to Automatic Load Conditions

2018-09-12T00:43:11+00:00

The continuous wastage of electrical energy in variable loads is done in anticipation of peak load spikes and ensuring a working power generation balance. This study aims to create a method of simulation of control systems that can optimize the distribution of electrical loads automatically based on changes in the load supplied through the generation of several batteries connected in parallel. The method used in making this system begins with the stages of literature study, field study to obtain data related the creation of control system. From the test results performed, when the system detects the load conditions are in the range of 0 - 1 ampere, then the system only activate 1 piece of battery to supply the load needs. When the system detects the load conditions are in the range of 1 - 2 ampere, then the system will activate 2 pieces of battery to supply the load requirements. When the system detects load conditions are in the range of 2 - 3 ampere, then the system will activate 3 pieces of battery to supply the load needs. When the system detects load conditions in the range of 3 - 4 ampere, the system will activate 4 batteries to supply the load requirements. And when the system detects load conditions are in the range of 4 - 5 ampere, then the system will activate 5 pieces of battery to supply the load requirements.

Manufacture of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Results of Pyrolysis Process

2019-08-14T01:37:20+00:00

As the progress of times, the energy needs are increasing and tend to focus on the petroleum fuels use (fossil fuels) whose numbers are very limited. Therefore, various efforts should be made for the use of the alternative energy. One way to convert waste material to energy-rich waste material into a convenient form is to solidify it into briquette fuel. The biomass energy in the form of briquettes derived from coconut shell charcoal from the pyrolysis process can meet the fuel needs of the alternative energy and also reduce dependence on petroleum energy. The results of hardness testing, briquette density and duration of combustion until the briquette runs out were found that the quality of coconut shell charcoal 50% and 50% coconut charcoal composition from pyrolysis process resulted in the best mixture composition as it can heat water in 20 minutes and need 140 minutes until all of the briquette runs out. The hardness of this composition is 294 HL with a briquette density value of 0.000697 kg/m³.